Showing posts with label Skiing rope motors. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Skiing rope motors. Show all posts

Tuesday, February 15, 2022

Three cranky New York businessmen inspired the creation of that first rope tow on Jan. 28, 1934. The New Yorkers were staying at the White Cupboard Inn two miles north of Woodstock, Vt.


Over lunch they complained to the owners, Elizabeth and Robert Royce, about paying $40 each for the privilege of climbing up a mountain in order to ski down it.

Wallace ‘Bunny’ Bertram, the Dartmouth ski team’s first coach, had been telling the New Yorkers about a tow rope he’d seen in Shawbridge, Quebec. He was in the room when they complained about climbing up the hill. Bertram asked the Royces if they had a Montgomery Ward or Sears catalog, explaining he wanted to figure out how much it would cost to build a rope tow. 

Robert Royce decided to get there first. He rented a former sheep pasture called Gilbert’s Hill before Bertram could. 

With an investment from the three New Yorkers, they bought the equipment for the first U.S. rope tow: pulleys, an 1,800-foot rope and a Model T Ford engine. 

They rented a hilly pasture and the White Cupboard Skiway was born. They sold ski tickets for $1 a day and 50 cents for night skiing. Skiers grabbed on to the circulating rope and let it carry them up the 900-foot hill.

The next year, the Royces intended to rent Gilbert’s Hill again. Elizabeth Royce gave a cab driver $100 in bills and asked him to go to the bank and fetch a crisp $100 bill. She intended to present to the hill’s owner. The cab driver brought back a limp, crumpled bill. 

While she took the time to clean and iron it, Bertram rented the hill out from under her for $10.




The rope tow changed skiing. It was a simple machine. And it was a cheap machine. In general, almost anyone could finance a rope tow, and farmers, hotel owners, and anyone owning a snow-covered hill began stringing them up. 

True to its name, it was a rope, often attached to an old car engine. The engine turned the wheel, and the rope moved upwards. Skiers then grabbed on, and the tow pulled them up the slope. In reality, building the machine was simpler than riding it. Riding a rope tow was a skill all to itself. Nevertheless, once learned, people could ski several runs a day, rather than just once.

Along with changing the nature of Alpine skiing, the rope tow changed the economics of ski centers. Once built, rope tow owners would charge people (usually around $1 per ride) to use the tow. This change was the first step towards modern ski resorts.



from Google Books;
Lost Ski Areas of the Southern Adirondacks By Jeremy K. Davis

In 1947, Skiing Hall of Fame member, and Marine Corps vet, Walt Schoenknecht, created Mohawk Mountain Ski Area in northwestern Connecticut. Thanks M Currie!


In the 1930s skiing became a popular pastime at Mohawk State Park in Cornwall, located in the state’s northwest corner. Roads previously built through the forest were turned into ski trails and in 1939 the Camp Tourney CCC, which had been created as a created as reforestation camp, constructed the first downhill trail on the mountain. 


In the mid-1940s Walter R. Schoenknecht leased the northwest side of the mountain from the state and developed a ski resort with six trails and tows. By 1948 the resort had nine trails and tows, an expanded parking area, and was a local hotspot, attracting winter sports lovers from all over.

Skiing in the 1948-49 season in Connecticut proved difficult because of below-average snowfall. Schoenknecht did not let this deter him, though, and he started to experiment with artificial snow. He first experimented by grinding ice blocks brought in from Torrington, and even though that proved ineffective, he did not give up. 

By 1950 he had an idea that would someday revolutionize the sport of skiing. Taking inspiration from tobacco field equipment, Schoenknecht contacted the equipment’s maker, Larchmont, and began a collaboration with the Tey Manufacturing Company. Together, they tried to replicate a machine that used compressed air and water on tobacco crops to create snow. The goal was to develop a snow-making machine that “mimicked the natural atmospheric process that produces snow.”

During World War II, Art Hunt, Wayne Pierce, and Dave Richey had worked on projects to prevent ice buildup on airplane wings. Following the war, they decided to leave airplane wings behind in favor of the burgeoning winter outdoor gear industry. 

Tey Manufacturers (a combination of the last letters of their last names) was also going through a rough patch in 1949. If people could not ski without snow, manufacturers could not sell skis. During the war, Pierce had read a report from a Canadian engineer who had used a fan to blow water at a plane to simulate icy conditions for research purposes. Instead of freezing to the wings, it sprayed little particles of ice. Pierce saw an opportunity.

While inventors experimented with snow-making machines as early as the 1930s, Tey’s original snowmaking prototype at Mohawk Mountain produced the first documented artificial snow for skiing.

Today Mohawk is the oldest and largest ski area in Ct




M Currie commented on the Caberfae ski area I posted on Saturday! :

I grew up near Mohawk Ski area in Connecticut. When I was a kid I often skied there, because local kids got free tow tickets every day but Sunday until they were 14. Before they had lifts in the early 60's, they had only rope tows, all powered by flathead Ford V8's. As I recall there were three stages to get to the top of the mountain, and on the main line, they were from Mercuries for a little extra zip. Scary fast. 

For a while the tows coexisted with the lifts, but kids didn't get lift tickets free until sometime around 1964. I wasn't a very good skier, but I loved the tows. Many people found them hard to use, crashed and got hurt, or had special fancy rope grabbers, but I became quite skilled. I'd go to sleep at night with the undulating tow tracks burned into my brain. I think I went down more for the fun of going up that the other way around.

The school I went to for a while, when it replaced its '39 Ford school bus, hired a person (possibly the same one who did the tows at Mohawk) to set it up as a rope tow, doubling as a shelter for putting your skis on. Their previous tow had been a semi-portable one using, I think, a Wisconsin air cooled engine.

A school I went to later also had a ski slope, and their rope tow was made from a mid-30's Ford phaeton, almost complete. When they updated it, some of the people on the ski team freed it, found where the wheels with tires had been put, and drove it around. Alas, I don't know what became of it.


Saturday, February 12, 2022

The Pittsburgh Ski Club was founded on December 10, 1937

The resort dates to the mid-1930s, one of the oldest ski areas in the United States, founded by German immigrants Adolph and Helen Dupre. The couple bought 2.5 acres in 1932 and dubbed it Seven Springs Farm, so-named because of the seven springs on the property. 

The “Packard” rope tow was put into operation in 1935 with the assist of a group of people who became the Pittsburgh Ski Club, and helped Adolph Dupre install the first rope tow at “Seven Springs Farm” by obtaining an old Packard 

At one time there was a sign at the loading zone that stated that Seven Springs’ first rope tow was near that spot. The tow was powered by an old Packard. “With the car jacked up on blocks, the rear wheels drove the tow, and the front wheels guided the line.” 

The resort took off, with chairlifts, night skiing and lodging added over the years.

Herman Dupre took over the resort in 1955 after his father’s death, and became a pioneer in snow-making technology, earning dozens of patents and founding HKD Snowmakers.

In 2006, Dupre sold Seven Springs to the Nutting family, who also own the Pittsburgh Pirates and Ogden Newspapers, a chain of mostly small publications, including more than a dozen papers in Ohio.

Santa Fe Ski Basin is a major ski resort located in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, It is the southernmost major ski resort of the Rocky Mountains, and one of the oldest and highest in the nation


In 1936, the first rope tow in New Mexico, powered by a Packard sedan engine, was installed at the future site of the resort, overseen by Robert Nordhaus, father of Nobel Prize-winning economist William Nordhaus, a retired lawyer, and a businessman and skier, who also founded the Albuquerque Ski Club and La Madera Ski Area, now known as Sandia Peak Ski Area. Shortly after its installation, he installed a rope tow at La Madera.

At the start of the Second World War, the United States lacked specialized mountain troops like the German’s infamous “Jaeger” battalions. The value of these specialized units was proven during the Russo-Finnish Winter War, when Finns on skis with extensive knowledge of the terrain and of technique proved immeasurably superior to Russian forces. This culminated in the Finnish victory at the Battle of Suomussalmi in 1939, where two Soviet mechanized divisions (45,000 men) were defeated by 11,000 Finnish soldiers utilizing skis and sleds to maneuver material and men. Recognizing the value of these soldiers, the civilian founder of the National Ski Patrol, Charles Minot Dole, lobbied the War Department to develop specialized mountain training and regiments. This lobbying would lead, eventually, to the creation of the 10th Mountain Division.

At this time American skiing was unfocused and disparate, an activity practiced mostly by ‘upper-crust’ Eastern college students. The war effort recruited these young skiers, along with others, to form the 10th Mountain Division. When formed in early 1943, the division included men trained in a wide variety of outdoor work: lumberjacks, climbers, muleteers and horsemen, hunters, trappers, park rangers and ranchers. Brought together in service to their country and exposed to a wide range of training and education, these varied yet complimentary individualists would later help forge America’s awakening love for outdoor recreation.

Joe Juhan bought the basin in 1950 and brought legendary Ernie Blake to run the basin. Born Ernst Hermann Bloch, his family fled Nazi Germany on the eve of war due to their Jewishness. Changing his name to Ernie Blake, the champion skier (a shoo-in for the 1936 Olympics save for his religion) established himself in the American skiing community. Following the outbreak of war, Blake enlisted as an interrogator due to his valuable language skills. He would later interrogate many high ranking Nazis including Herman Goerring. After the war, Blake began developing ski basins, helping establish Santa Fe before going next to Taos to do the same.

I just read about a Packard engine powering a ski slope, and that got me out looking on the internet to see where that was... it turns out, a LOT of ski slopes in the late 30s used Packard engines!


During the 1930's, some residents of Indiana, Grand Rapids and Cadillac were participating in winter sports, and were interested in starting a local ski area. The United States Forest Service co-operated, and a winter ski area was created, (near Traverse City, and Big Bear Dunes) with a Civilian Conservation Corps building and a single ski run, known as "Number One" being built, making it the fourth oldest ski resort in the United States

The first ski lift, a rope tow, was powered by a Ford Model A car engine. This engine was later replaced by a Packard Motor car engine.

One year after the first ski area in Michigan was dedicated (January 1938) a ski club was formed with fifty-three members from 13 communities. They included Cadillac, Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Ionia, Lansing, Manistee, Midland, Muskegon, Reed City, and Saginaw.

The area, formed and built by the Civilian Conservation Corps, had toboggan slides and downhill ski trails but no up-hill transportation. The club soon installed an old Dodge engine and an engineer/member from Shakespeare Fishing Gear of Kalamazoo designed a rope tow.

Immediately the club purchased two Packard engines for $103.00 plus other necessary materials for $58.59. These were delivered to Camp Axin, the C.C.C.camp, on January 12, 1941. Oldberg Engineereing Co. donated two mufflers, two instrument panels, and one transmission for $79.46. So two more rope tows were added for uphill convenience.

The local high school kids were transported by school buses on Saturdays to ski until the area closed in March 1942 due to World War II.

With the return of veterans, many of whom served in the 10thMountain Division Ski Troops, the Club membership increased, and a ski patrol was formed under the direction of "Buck" Rogers of Manistee and the ski school was directed by Monty Montague of the 10th Mountain Troops.


Notable members of the ski club were Gerald Ford, prior to becoming a Legislative House member and President, and Paul Bailey, founder of Arby's and a major investor in the Copper Mountain Ski Resort, Colorado., and Anson "Tony" Hedgecock, Jr. coach of the men's alpine team from 1975 through the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics

Caberfae moved tons of earth from the bottom of two peaks to the top, boosting its vertical drop from 270 to 485 feet. “Their vertical expansion of two central peaks was accompanied by a horizontal contraction from the far-flung borders and the closing of a dozen-plus lifts, which they could never adequately cover with snowmaking

The terrain is unique for the Midwest. The artificial hills create a sensation of above-treeline skiing that is otherwise absent between Sugarloaf and Loveland.

1949 map above, 1958 below

https://www.stormskiing.com/p/podcast-50-caberfae-peaks-michigan  does the most amazing post about this, in addition to a podcast... and included the links to the maps, took the really good large photos, etc
https://youtu.be/HJ7srsr7M9A for a live online camera feed of the skislopes

Monday, January 21, 2019

Dave McCoy tried to use his motorcycle as collateral in 1938 for a bank loan to pay for a tow rope at Mammoth Mountain ski resort, to replace the Model A tow ropes they were using.


McCoy founded California's Mammoth Mountain ski resort, one of the country's top ski resorts, it  covers 3,500 acres and employs 2,600 people during ski season.

When I wasn't in school, I'd take jobs on pig farms or picking fruit. I made my first pair of skis in high school shop class. After graduation, I hitchhiked back to Independence and got a job at Jim's Place, a restaurant where my mom was working. I waited tables, washed dishes, and cleaned up after it closed. That's where I met Roma -- she and her friends were cheerleaders who came in one day.

In 1936, when Dave McCoy arrived in the village of Bishop, Calif., about 50 miles southeast of Mammoth, he was already the image of the macho mountain man. Roma Carriere, then a 17-year-old bank clerk, recalls the way the stranger looked when he first came to town: "I would see him going down Main Street in the dead of winter with his shirt open and his skis tied along the side of his motorcycle.


 He always wore a red bandanna over his hair. Sometimes he wore a black leather jacket. Oh, he was good-looking. I said to my sister, Frances, 'One day I'm going to get a date with that guy.' 

She meant everything to me then. Still does. We've been married 67 years. Six children. Eighteen grandchildren. Twenty great-grandchildren.

Skiing was getting really popular, and some friends and I built portable rope tows. I wasn't thinking about business. I did it because it was fun.

I wanted to set up a rope tow on McGee Mountain, which was right on the highway and had good snowfall. I needed to buy parts, so I went to a bank and asked for a loan of $85, using my motorcycle as collateral. The bank manager turned me down, because he didn't think I looked responsible. But Roma was his secretary, and she said, "If you don't give him the loan, I'm quitting." She ended up quitting anyway after we got married.

I got a job as a hydrographer with the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, measuring snow in the winter so they could predict how much water would be available in the spring and summer. Some days I would ski 50 miles for work.

With an eye for snow conditions, which he had developed on the hydrographer job, McCoy judged Mammoth to be a better ski site than McGee.

On weekends, we would set up rope tows and let people use them for free using a Model A Ford truck to power a portable rope tow, which they rigged on prime spots on McGee Mountain.



They would drive a Model A Ford truck to a likely slope, jack up the rear wheels and hook a length of half-inch rope around the rim of a wheel. Then they would climb the hill and attach the rope and a block and tackle to a tree. The setup would move the rope through a long, thin loop—and would pull the skiers up the hill after each run.


 Among the friends who worked with McCoy on his early tow was Cortland T. Hill, an avid outdoorsman and skier and grandson of the Great Northern Railway baron, James J. Hill.

In the mid-'40s, McCoy installed a permanent tow on McGee.

 I was still working for the water department; Roma and I barely had enough money for food. So one day I asked Roma to put out a cigarette box and get skiers to donate whatever they could. Until then, it had been a free ride. We made $15 that first day -- a lot of money for the time, about 50 cents a person.

The Forest Service asked for bids to develop Mammoth into a ski area. I took a piece of paper and drew three lines, which were for chairlifts. That was the business plan. They gave me a permit that let me put lifts wherever I wanted in a 40- or 50-mile area of the Eastern Sierras.

Severe weather and inaccessibility were problems that could have doomed the project. The road to Los Angeles was nothing but a dirt track that disappeared in the Sierra storms.


In Dec 1947 I was able to buy four Army surplus snow vehicles -- called Weasels -- at a San Diego auction,  to get skiers in and out, and banked on the belief that many L.A. residents loved skiing as much as he did--enough to take a little time and trouble getting to the snow. "We'd load people into them, and others would hang on to ropes coming off the back, and we'd haul them over the snow to the tows. Everyone would be singing and laughing and having a good time."

McCoy also turned to coaching and produced some of the best U.S. racers of the 1950s and 1960s. In '49 he coached his first national champion, U.S. junior slalom titlist Charlotte Zumstein, and one of his star students, Jean Saubert, won two medals in the '64 Olympics. Saubert later said, "Dave was by far the best coach I ever had." In all, he sent 17 racers from Mammoth Mountain to Olympic or world-class competition—including his daughter, Penny, now 35, and his son, Pancho, now 39. McCoy himself might still be coaching, but in the late '60s and early '70s there was so much cheap politics in the U.S. Ski Team that he washed his hands of the whole operation.

in 1985, Sports Illustrated did an article, and at that time reported:
Mammoth Mountain has 23 chair lifts, four surface lifts, two gondolas, 54 miles of trails, huge lodges at two different base locations, a 170-room inn, a fleet of 26 grooming vehicles and countless dump trucks, snowmobiles, cars and snow-plows as well as some 1,400 winter employees.

Mammoth Mountain's location is key to it's success, from Los Angeles, it's 350 miles away, a six-or seven-hour drive on U.S. Route 395.

http://articles.latimes.com/1986-02-23/news/vw-11269_1_mammoth-mountain/2
https://www.inc.com/magazine/20081201/how-i-did-it-dave-mccoy-mammoth-mountain.html
https://www.si.com/vault/1985/02/25/627699/a-man-and-his-mountain
http://www.mammothlakes.us/travel/ski_history.shtml
http://www.fwsa.org/Awards/bios/WSH2006-Morning.pdf